Training has been ongoing since June 19. The base in Qatar houses Turkish soldiers under an agreement signed in 2014.
Ankara has backed Qatar after Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, cut all economic and diplomatic ties this month, accusing Doha of supporting terrorism, a charge it denies, Reuters reported.
"This defense cooperation between Doha and Ankara is part of their common defense vision to support anti-terrorism efforts and maintain security and stability in the region," a statement by Qatar's Armed Forces said.
The statement did not give the number of Turkish troops at the base or how many had just joined to bolster the deployment.