"This logic of praising the white supremacy is not just anti-immigration," Calderon said.
"He is acting and speaking out against immigrants that have a different skin color than he does, it is frankly racist and [he is] exploiting feelings like Hitler did in his time," Calderon said on Saturday.
Trump has accused Mexico of sending rapists and drug runners across the US border and has said he will make Mexicans pay for a wall on the border, Reuters reported.
Felipe Calderon was president of Mexico from 2006-12.
Former Mexican President Vicente Fox, Calderon's predecessor, also compared Trump to Hitler.
"He reminds me of Hitler," Fox said on Friday.